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Abdominals: muscles on the front of the torso, below the chest.
Abductors: muscles of the inner thigh that pulls the legs together, attaching the pelvis and the femur (or thigh bone). The abductors are used in inline skating, skiing, or swimming.
Acetone: a chemical formed when the body breaks down fat instead of glucose for energy.
Adequate Food Intake: the level of food intake that helps the body sustain a defined nutritional status, such as growth rate, normal circulating nutrient values, or other functional indicators of health.
Adipex: an appetite suppressant used to reduce calorie intake.
Adipose: the fat found in Adipose tissues.
Adipose tissue: a specialized type of tissue that store cellular fat.
ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate): a high energy phosphate molecule that is involved in the production and storage of energy. ADP is also the end product of the mono-phosphate reduction of ATP.
Adrenal: a gland in the endocrine system that produces necessary hormones such as adrenaline (epinephrine) and cortisol.
Adult-Onset Diabetes: another term given to type 2 diabetes
Aerobic: that contains oxygen or requires oxygen.
Aerobic Exercise: any continuous activity of large muscle groups that forces your heart and lungs to work harder for an extended period.
Allergy: exaggerated response of the immune system (sneezing, coughing, rashes, etc) in susceptible individuals.
Alpha Cells: cells of the pancreas that produce glucagons, a hormone which in turn raises blood glucose (sugar) levels.
Alveoli: Air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
Amino Acids: The essential building blocks of Proteins, nine of which cannot be manufactured by the body and therefore have to be obtained through food intake.
Angiopathy: a disease of the blood vessels that occurs as a long-term complication of diabetes. Two types of angiopathy — macroangiopathy and microangiopathy.
Anorectic Drugs: drugs whose main purpose is to suppress the appetite and are therefore used and prescribed to patients who need to lose weight
Anorexia Nervosa: A psycho physiological disorder that is characterized by an abnormal fear of becoming obese and having a distorted self-image. Anorexia Nervosa results in an unwillingness to eat leading to severe weight loss. It can even be accompanied by vomiting, excessive exercise and other physiological changes.
Antioxidants: beta carotene and vitamins C and E that protects the cells in the human body from an unstable form of oxygen called a free radical. The antioxidant combines with the free radical to prevent it from attaching to and damaging the cells in your body.
Antibodies: substances occurring naturally in the body that help fight infection.
Arteriosclerosis: thickening, hardening, and narrowing of the arteries.
Aspartame: a low calorie synthetic sweetener
Asymptomatic: no symptoms or sign of disease present.
Artificial Sweetners: substances that impart sweetness to foods but supply little or no energy to the body. They include acesulfame, aspartame, saccharin, and sucralose.
Asana: a term given to the poses done in yoga.
Ascorbic Acid: vitamin C
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate): a compound that is the main fuel cells used in the synthesis of molecules, contract muscles, and various other tasks. |
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